Aerial view of Osore Volcano as seen from the E. Usoriko Lake (ca. 2 km in diameter) inside of Usori Caldera (ca. 5 km in diameter).

Aerial view of Lake Usori-ko as seen from the W.

Post-caldera cones viewed from the ESE, lakeside of Usori-ko (lake).

View of Osorezan from the SE

Topographic relief around Hakkoda Caldera combined with geological map. Pre-caldera Minami Hakkoda Volcano Group and post-caldera Kita Hakkoda Volcano Group. Tashirotai Lacustrine Deposit fill the Hakkoda Caldera. Hachimandake is a part of pre-caldera volcano

Topographic relief of Minami Hakkoda Volcano Group (pre-caldera volcano) combined with geological map. Towada-hachinohe Pyroclastic Flow Deposits (T) from Towada Caldera covers the skirts of the Minami Hakkoda

Aerial view of Kita Hakkoda Volcano as viewed from the E. Odake in the center Takada Odake in the foreground.

Odake viewed from the W

Topographic relief around Kita Hakkoda Volcano Group (post-caldera volcano) combined with geological map. Odake, the highest peak, in the center

Takada Odake, Kodake and Odake viewed from the S, Suirennuma Pond.

Aerial view of Iwaki Volcano as seen from the SE.

View of Iwakisan from the S

Aerial view of summit of Iwakisan from the SW. Torinoumi Crater on the other side of lift terminal

Topographic relief around Towada Caldera combined with geological map. Pumice flow deposits (P) erupted from the caldera and deposited widely. Kemanai Pyroclastic Flow Deposits (K) are the latest eruption products of Towada Volcano.

Distribution of calderas around Towada Caldera. Several calderas formed since 3.5 million years ago. Towada Caldera is the latest one.

Heraidake (Okomagatake and Mitsudake) and Towadayama from left to center, viewed from the NE. These mountains belong to Pre-Towada Volcano Group (600-500 thousand years ago). Ohanabeyama in the right, northern rim of Towada Caldera.

Towada Caldera viewed from the S, Hakka-toge Pass. Ohanabeyama on the caldera rim (the highest point) in the center. Nakayama Hanto (Peninsula) and Ogurayama Lava Dome in the right. Minami Hakkoda in the left background.

Aerial view of Towada Caldera as seen from the E. There are inner caldera (Nakanoumi Lake) and outer caldera (Towadako Lake). Ogurayama Lava Dome on the rim of inner caldera

Topographic relief around Akita Yakeyama Volcano combined with geological map. Two lava domes on the summit of Akita Yakeyama. Pre-Yakeyama Caldera which erupted Tamagawa Welded Tuff was assumed beneath the Akita Yakeyama Volcano. Tamagawa Onsen (hot spring) at the western foot of the volcano.

Aerial view of the summit of Akita Yakeyama Volcano (center) as seen from the E. Tamagawa Onsen (hot spring) at the western foot (top of the photo).

Aerial view of the summit of Mt. Akita Yakeyama (center) and Onigajo Crater at a central cone (left) as seen from the NE.

Akita Yakeyama viewed from the E, Hachimantai. Goshogake Onsen (hot spring) in the foreground.

Onigajo (central cone) viewed from the W.

Fumaroles and strongly-altered zone of Tamagawa Hot Spring (western foot of Akita-Yakeyama Volcano).

Fumarolic activities at the strongly-altered zone of Tamagawa Hot Spring (western foot of Akita-Yakeyama Volcano). Famous for radioactive "Hokutolite" (angleso-baryte containing minor strontium and minute traces of radium) and Ganban-yoku (bedrock bathing).

Topographic relief around Hachimantai Volcano Group combined with geological map (tilted by 30°from the E to the W). Hachimantai Volcano Group is divided into several sub-groups; Chausudake-Maemoriyama, Hachimantai-Morobidake, and Obukadake-Magarisakidake.

Topographic relief around Hachimantai Volcano Group combined with geological map. Hachimantai Volcano Group is divided into several sub-groups; Chausudake-Maemoriyama, Hachimantai-Morobidake and Obukadake-Magarisakidake. They are all characterized by gentle slopes of lava flows. Hachimantai Volcano in a narrow definition is a part of Hachimantai-Morobidake Volcano Group.

An explosion crater and Mokkodake in the right background viewed from the N, summit of Hachimantai. Explosion craters are aligned in a NE-SW direction

Aerial view of NE-SW trending explosion craters as seen from the SW.

View of Hachiman Numa (several explosion craters are connected) from the W.

Megane Numa (Pond), one of the explosion craters, viewed from the NW

Hachiman Numa and flat top of Hachimantai viewed from the E (Gentamori).

Topographic relief of Iwate Volcano combined with geological map. Iwate Volcano is divided into Higashi (=east) Iwate and Nishi (=west) Iwate. Nishi Iwate has central cones from where Yakirizawa Lava flowed down. Higashi Iwate has Myokodake Scoria Cone at the summit and Yakahashiri Lava in 1732 erupted at the middle of northeastern slope

Topographic relief around Iwate Volcano combined with geological map. Iwate Volcano (with E-W trending Nishi Iwate Caldera) in the center. Debris avalanche deposits with hammocky hills at the foot of Iwate Volcano

Aerial view of Nishi Iwate Caldera (Onigajo Caldera) as seen from the W. Onawashiro Central Cone and Crater in the caldera. Younger Higashi Iwate Volcano in the center with Yakushidake central cone surrouded by horseshoe-shaped caldera (6,000 years ago).

Aerial view of Onigajo, rim of Nishi-iwate Caldera as seen from the ESE. Onawashiroko Pond in the center

Omuro Crater (formed in 1686) inside of the summit crater of Higashi Iwate Volcano viewed from the N.

Aerial view of Iwate Volcano (center) as seen from the NE. Morioka City in the left foreground

View of younger Higashi Iwate (left) and older Nishi Iwate (right) from the N. Kurokurayama in the right end

Topographic relief arond Akita Komagatake Volcano combined with geological map. Medake with 1970-1971 lava flows and Kodake are in Nambu (=south) Caldera. The highest point, Onamedake is in Hokubu (=north) Caldera

Kodake Cone viewed from the N, with the slope of Medake Cone in the foreground

Akita Komagatake viewed from the W

Lava Flows of 1970 eruption reaching to the caldera floor. Half-buried old crater on the slope of Medake Cone

Nambu Caldera and central cone, Medake, in eruption viewed from the N

Evening Scene of Strombolian eruption at Medake

Scene of eruption of Medake viewed from the N

Topographic relief of Chokai Volcano combined with geological map. Higashi Chokai Volcano covers older Nishi Chokai Volcano. Both have horseshoe-shaped calderas at each summit area

Aerial view of Higashi Chokai Caldera and Nasodani Canyon in the foreground, as seen from the NW.

Aerial view of Higashi Chokai in the background and Torinoumi Crater of Nishi Chokai in the foreground as seen from the W

Torinoumi Crater in Nishi Chokai Caldera viewed from the NNW. Gassanmori in the background is a peak on the caldera rim and formed by north-slip normal fault

Torinoumi Crater and Nabemori Lava Dome viewed from the NE. Shogadake (a part of caldera rim) in the right backgroud

Oblique aerial view of summit area of Higashi Chokai horseshoe-shaped caldera and Shinzan Lava Dome as seen from the N.

Shichikosan on the caldera rim (right) and Shinzan Lava Dome formed in 1801 (left) viewed from the S. Note well-stratified layers on the caldera wall

Aerial view of top of Higashi Chokai Horseshoe-shaped Caldera as seen from the SW. Shichikosan (right) on the rim and Shinzan Lava Dome (left) formed in 1801.

Aerial view of Chokai Volcano (Higashi-Chokai) as seen from the ENE